What was the premise behind the sharecropping model of agriculture? Was corruption now any less? What was the Civil Rights Act of 1875? While it could be used in a derogatory way, it did notin every casesuggest racist attitudes or carry the stigma that it does today. It helped maintain schools for black kids and insured fairness of labor contracting. The impeachment of Johnson. The next century would see African Americans continuing to fight for the legal rights they had been granted and were rightfully entitled to. By allowing the former Confederates to reenter the political arena, Republicans faced an uphill battle against the surge in Democratic support and voter-suppression tactics aimed at Republicans and African Americans. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina, Excerpt from Carl Schurz, speech in the Senate, Rutherford B. Hayes, letter of acceptance of the nomination for the Presidency, Excerpt from the testimony of Henry Blake, 1937. Radical Republicans thought it was letting the South off too easily. Democrats who were previously unable to vote due to their Confederate ties were now able to vote and run for office. Georgia, along with Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia, had to satisfy an additional condition: ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which prohibited the states from denying a citizen the right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# Yes, two from Mississippi. Connected to this question were larger discussions about the rights of four million newly-freed African Americans, the extent to which former Confederates should be punished for their role in the war, the fulfillment of "Manifest Destiny" through westward expansion and settlement of Indian Country, and the meanings of freedom and justice in the United States. Describe the general character of the social conditions within the nation in the aftermath of Reconstruction. plan was the easiest on the South? But in the end, events overpowered the best thinking on both sides of this divide and the impact of these great victories was left to be felt and interpreted by a new generation of Americans. 0 Reconstruction Who was the Republican candidate in the election of 1868? Lincoln realized that, with the war over, anything that prolonged the divide between North and South would be harmful to the nation overall. vague-treason, bribery, or other high crimes or misdemeanors. was a name for southern whites who supported Reconstruction in the South, often Republican. Southern Democrats who packed their bags and fled to the West and North to escape the progressive aims of Radical Reconstruction. exodusters- black refugees fleeing north or west from depression and violence. Blacks were required to either sign labor contracts or face arrest for vagrancy, and they were not allowed to serve on juries or testify in court. What wasthe primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? Borrowed what they needed on credit from the owner, it was a bad because the farmer always owed more money than they made on the farm, leaving them stuck in this system. Sharecroppers typically did not have enough good farmland or time to tend to it. Ten Southern states were placed under the control of military leaders until such time as they passed the Fourteenth Amendment and put state constitutions in place that aligned with the United States Constitution. Would he or she feel anger over, anything? legislators that were elected to office in the South during Reconstruction? Segregation was ruled unconstitutional and all Jim Crow laws had to be immediately repealed. The states were put under the control of military commanders until they ratified the Fourteenth Amendment and rebuilt their state governments. In May 1865, with Congress out of session, Johnson began to implement his own Reconstruction program. The First Reconstruction Act (March 1867) invalidated the state governments established under Johnson's policies (except the government of Tennessee, which had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment) and divided the former Confederacy into five military districts. Segregation laws would sunset and have to be repealed within the next 20 years. white violence, KKK, terrorizing blacks and those who supported them so they wouldn't vote. The House and Senate refused to seat southern delegates. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union. - Evaluating Reconstruction - Evaluating Reconstruction - Course Share Croppers:Mostly Freedmen who had no tools or supplies, and worked, farmed, and lived on someone else's land. hb```b``Vd`f``fc@ >3G#C \5lb`(q.UrA) g``0PZTQH1;kz7/2FI1iMF>C20Jin83lFy6W iB5; Alternative means of assessment include asking the students to do either or both of the following: 1. HWn}W*(5X,lvLvv}X[ZKq>yFNIQ:UNWOo+S.~/\N($B;f %QI`MVy*|UrS=/4t4_&y^F?7KH84ZxGIUl~&=$wZ]mI_}?cIt4.#9r{s~zn|'nDD DqPz7.|f@(F_k~mz\(J( ,l=70$(yAbs[ki i l}QXvf;;4f74x4B3G3=!7.W X5Xz4]?w/ %Q:!^M_}8z:K H?Ce[U|.CKu@CY) iw#7PY7WP$|WPUqAr5vVK]tok*Dx|MX:-!O Jo#=j8u>rRt\?n! ~.Mgq1JwPD_8 sgA4DY_.kYTP@FuU;zvbEFX=1 S$&5blu1X3=y\W]lh 5f+tY[SU%-6+VZX]r6_>:@ t QYoySE"6=sPoa'&vxgO,q2@pYb: S,d.b9Ij?z/pT0,8[Bx53;IGbxfBQcNx;sLWcw1s}(5_1TJz0O#FNl7DysZjEnjN0_k!d.vT&_AfjwGlEPC|aVK=:+JG}gg] @@ovkV\Uv(%xR\V&%9 cn_n@:/X4m4dIo1i`m[q}+ql4w In the Senate? >YpVE$r#]Y@ -7}bKfl[83 Irving E. Lowery, Life on the Old Plantation in Ante-Bellum Days, 1911, Group C: Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, From the Cotton Field to the Cotton Mill: A Study of the Industrial Transition in North Carolina, 1906, Group D: The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. This legislation overturned "Black Codes" that had been established in the former Confederate states and had been used to keep African Americans in a near-state of slavery. It gave native born blacks citizenship. Radical plan wanted to punish the south, while Lincoln and Johnson wanted to reunite the union as quickly as possible. The Black Codes included tactics like fines, arrests, and kidnapping to force African Americans back into bondage working on Southern farms without, technically, enslaving them. The Learning Page at the American Memory Project of the Library of Congress includes a set of activities to develop primary document skills. Use the links above to research more about each aspect of Reconstruction, List the name of your character on the worksheet. Question 2 Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? Chapter 16 These expanding Northern cities were a draw for much of the dislocated workforce in the Southincluding newly freed slaves. They were codes or rules created by southerners after the Civil War to restrict the new rights and freedoms of African American in the south. Evaluating Reconstruction .docx - Course Hero After completing both sections of the worksheet, the group should discuss what they have learned about their topic through the interactive and the document. Congressional Reconstruction. These research assistants will evaluate a series of documents (which in this activity will substitute for live interviews) representing a variety of views concerning the direction of Reconstruction policy regarding voting rights and the impact these views had or should have had on the politics of the nation. C04I!q^Q);i])G~H.HdRYBBYRi8,i 7P.,NPI ~~C9;9owSQ?C ` N- Then, for each characteristic of, Reconstruction listed on the chart, check off whether your character would feel positive. In that compromise, Republican Rutherford B. Hayes won a tight race for the Presidency with just one electoral voteon the condition that all federal troops be removed from the South and a southern Democrat be named to his cabinet. But how much really changed? WebWhat is Reconstruction? `cw]}{(ugeFo, +mKk.]{g~S^NWs0znS`~Zm%,Kw~vBY5_oLx|? The 15th Amendment became an unenforced dead letter by the late nineteenth century. President Ulysses S. Grant had been elected partly because he seemed to show promise of strong executive leadership, but also because he was viewed in the afterglow of his wartime success. was the purpose of the Ku Klux Klan? With the assistance of original historical documents, students will consider the ways different perceptions from leading political figures about the outcomes of Reconstruction affected the political debate and the political future of the nation. The citizens of the South had to take an oath of loyalty, and once 10% of the state had taken the oath the state could rejoin the Union. universal male suffrage, Formally defines citizenship and protects a person's civil and political rights from being abridged or denied by any state. Analyzing Primary SourcesThis lesson involves using a number of primary source documents authored by a variety of people; some were highly educated, others were less so, and still others were recently freed slaves who were barely literate. hWO0Gx`*Bi1 `ZS"%;;NS5J;|@@hHx4&"A $ #p H}AxChDGOB(9S,vcs:JI]V]WywIO{{AS !^}8;]:yNc0v*4Xqa`p k5 z2 9&+cr'~ IOV~=GHB:'*kXa=9r^baYz/1ag7F:,Ww AF;{zVV5S-l/"NZ|'Ol,U#dmCUGe^eE?Ze\mLFMeSZ`E#`jcj~Qm|V$vN81t~~b2[_\$#'b*$]t# Sharecropping. While much progress could be seen in things like the exponential growth of railroads, even an optimistic reading of these barometers had to be tempered by an acknowledgement that doubling track mileage does not amount to much when the starting point was so low. How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? answer choices 9RR}yswNQZ8][1FM_+ Question 11 30 seconds Q. y@bi(^k^izu#(fN@)Z4x[wN)Gd\JvWma:M;:*BL5;Sh`2lM^YQ2k(!W7.W)J0>krA"eXk+n R/B.zuu7' ]apJ|_wv^k| +^|B`:H$wlEnT*8@0vX{[rm6FoN,iE?FF/mh@u'Q{$]pJn07a8Y9U-A/, S7GYjkQUKC2"qxLa=23P21 |0Cm)r PS)et%.H e' endstream endobj 419 0 obj <>stream A large number of Republican lawmakers regained seats in Southern state governments, but chose to abandon Reconstruction reforms. It forbade any state to deny any citizen the right to vote because of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude", Northerners who went south in search for profits; Southners who supported the Republican governments in the South. Copy of Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Activity.docx, Karen-Hernandez_Evaluating_Reconstruction_Interactive_Activity, Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.docx, Janmarco Ordonez Romero - Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.pdf, Linh Ho - Reconstruction Notes Questions.docx, Deysha Macrae Reconstruction assignment.docx, HIS 121-W1 Ch. Required 50% of southern white men to swear allegiance of the union and accept the end of slavery. WebActivity #2: Evaluating ReconstructionThe Fourteenth Amendment Directions: It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been The objective is to show the students how the combination of facts, opinions, statistics, and pictures can broaden their understanding of a subject. Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. The website Making Sense of Letters and Diaries is one such site. Johnson wrote much of the Reconstruction legislation himself. However, what gains were made in the realm of civil rights were under assault by the time Grant died and almost completely destroyed by the turn of the century. Equally important, the concept of "civil rights" was established during this period. many became sharecroppers. Why was the election of 1876 called the Disputed Election? A monumental tomb in New York City was constructed in his honor as a result of what was the largest public fundraising campaign in history up to that time. What tactics were used? Only in South Carolina. What legal loopholes did Southerners create to resist African American equality? Women still could not vote. Powerful families regularly disagree on who should gain control over which resources. Distinguish the central and driving ideas at work in the documents used to illustrate this lesson. The states were allowed to ignore the Fourteenth Amendment. A particle moves along a straight line with the equation x = 16t + 4t2-3t3 where x is the distance in ft and t is the time in second. It contributed to a chastening of Republican ambitions in the South and forced the party to concentrate on maintaining its base of support in the North rather than growing the party in Dixie. Because of doubts about the constitutionality of the new Civil Rights Act, the congressional Joint Committee on Reconstruction drafted the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. President Grant undoubtedly played a important role in what was the country's first civil rights movement in some ways, but Reconstruction had its shortcomings. It declared that all people born in the United States are entitled to be citizens without regard to race, color, or previous condition of slavery. Northern Republicans who moved down South, often with intentions of helping rebuild Southern society. President Ulysses S. Grant presided over the waning days of Reconstruction. It also made it difficult to enforce Republican plans for Reconstruction or the 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution. Same as Lincoln's but military officials and persons with property worth more than $20,000 had to apply directly to the President for a pardon. What happened to white small farmers during this time? bJLA/RO\Hh2cN]J8JUApfGuYB^(YDLsNil/y!0>3LW{0 nPt2==eD>>H5o WebReconstruction Question 6 900 seconds Q. There were those who used their positions for exploitation. The effects of the Civil War and of Reconstructionparticularly in the Southcontinue to shape and to be a contentious subject in our politics today. they wre industrialists and bankers. What was Johnson's plan for Reconstruction? Expert Help. Finally, History Matters offers helpful pages on "Making Sense of Maps.". 0. No. The Aftermath of Reconstruction Southern voters also elected to Congress highranking Confederate officials and officers, some of whom had not received one of the thirteen thousand pardons Johnson issued during the summer of 1865. Once you are finished, click the button below. endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream Republicans were in control of both the House and Senate, and they gave a ringing endorsement to the amendment and congressional, not presidential, Reconstruction. Congress was divided among Radical, Moderate, and Conservative Republicans and Democrats. Poll taxes prevented poor citizens from being able to vote. endstream endobj 114 0 obj <>stream What segregated (separated) blacks & whites after Reconstruction. Write a short essay on how social contexts surrounding a person can contribute to his or her upbringing, beliefs and overall quality of life. until early 1900's they still mostly lived in the south. Po^dl=X7K1*,@~]^[ #Uh"d Jabir ibn Hayyan replaced the.. of a misinformed philosophy with the rigors of objective experimentation. This meant that Southern governments frequently were in the hands of novices: for example, inexperienced (and sometimes illiterate) freedmen andworse yet, from the point of view of many Southern loyalistsNortherners who had moved in the wake of war to assist in the recovery effort. How did John Wilkes Booth affect Reconstruction? about the italicized questions to help you form your answers/opinions. What connections do you see between the realities in Latin America and South Africa? endstream endobj startxref corruption did not come to an end. If the teachers students have little experience evaluating primary source documents, there are several websites that include activities to help students develop these skills. Following Lincoln's assassination, the task of implementing Reconstruction fell to his vice president, Andrew Johnson. 414 0 obj <> endobj Reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet What was the purpose behind the Black Codes? Reconstruction plan Flashcards | Quizlet The historians aim is to write the first comprehensive history of the period. In early 1866, Congressional Republicans, appalled by mass killing of ex-slaves and adoption of restrictive black codes, seized control of Reconstruction from President Johnson. Did it accomplish anything? The organization put in place after the Civil War to provide schools in the South was known as: answer choices The Civil Rights Committee Grant also supported a series of legislative acts in 1871 to enhance the federal government's ability to use the military to stop acts of racial terrorism committed by the Ku Klux Klan, and in 1875 he signed a Civil Rights law that outlawed racial discrimination in public transportation and accommodations, and barred black exclusion from jury service. Reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet Who were the Exodusters? Lincoln vetoed this bill, setting the stage for a compromise on the issue of Reconstruction. How did Amendments 13, 14, & 15 help African Americans? pF{:RTV Identify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. The Ku Klux Klan was a secretive, racist organization who used violence and fear to intimidate freedmen and whites that supported freedmen. While this lesson will not provide answers for all of these questions, the hope is that it will point students in the direction of seeking out such answers with the documents and the interactive provided and formulating their own similar kinds of questions. The House of Representatives even voted to impeach Johnson over an appointment he made that violated the newly instated Tenure of Office Act. pNqmjEJOpKxZv{u 4-aCn v84l%_YYk:Ii:vSG#oa H"x\*Uj/V-,!9.RT5\VM_nCdB5" \.x}{ No/^+4.svjc;NfdHsfJhl\_e2nsS,{ WebEvaluating Reconstruction Directions: Watch Crash Course #22 and use your Reconstruction Notes to answer the questions below. What tactic was used? Literacy tests were put into place requiring citizens to read difficult passages from legal documents in order to be able to vote. hZy\L 3!--[D)aC., HUj@}WDn! Exclusion of the last group reflected Johnson's hatred of the planter aristocracy rather than some condition that had to do with restoring the former Confederate states. Similarly, there were those in the South who turned their bitterness at losing the war into a default position of hostility to all efforts to move forward. It gave women the right to vote in the United States. The impact of scandal on the national political debate was real. endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream Right now, he is working on the chapter that examines the importance and impact of the Fourteenth Amendment. More punitive actions against the South, Lincoln felt, would only make it harder to heal the divided nation. WebQuiz The 1863 Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction proposed A plan for Radical Reconstruction The Ten-Percent Plan The Fifty-Percent Plan Andrew Johnsons Plan for Reconstruction Why did Congress reject Louisianas new constitution in 1864? WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region A bill was introduced in February 1866 to reauthorize the oneyearold Freedmen's Bureau and allow it to try in military courts persons accused of depriving former slaves of their rights. Webshark diving captions; how old is linda olsen global news calgary; commercial property for lease manatee county; woah oh oh oh ohhh song 80s Eph/LWNMK $r3R6W>44w9(Hct:@LN@@4H9O$T,\LuqDk9HMZ] 7l7{7eCUbMWmh"!baox]51Q"EF kRm'C*_@Q$VF*`C{:7v I"q{n]w)cqJ}q*6]d&5PhdSh3_|`k^Mq!U\:fqo,SI0L6-;jTS(WOC6"ZCx+5bo42+Pp;3:=BbXm)]IF a form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land, formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. Following the presentations, the teacher may also wish to lead the class in a discussion of the methodology of this activity, asking students to examine the ways in which maps, pictures, and original documents expanded their understanding of the topic. And Black Americans continued to face acts of organized intimidation, mob violence, and murder because of their race. Please visit using a browser with javascript enabled. The Command of the Army Act prevented the president from issuing orders to the military except through the general of the army, who at the time was Ulysses S. Grant; additionally, the commanding general could not be removed without the Senate's consent. The new legislation was passed in July over Johnson's veto. To the north, it looked like slavery in a new form. The war devastated the Southern economy and population, leaving a lot of hard feelings towards the victorious North. Once each convention's elections were held for governor, state legislators, and members of Congress, the states would be readmitted to the Union. Lesson 3: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Aftermath of (southern Democrats). In parallel, the "Lost Cause" narrative of the Civil War argued that the Confederacy had been justified in its effort to secede from the Union and that Reconstruction had been a mistake. Print out all material from the Text Documents, and make the appropriate number of copies for the students. During Reconstruction, Johnson did not believe there was anything to be gained by promoting equal rights for African Americans. Johnson deliberately removed himself from the decisions involving Reconstruction. Established the concepts of birthright citizenship (anyone born within U.S. boundaries or territories subject to the jurisdiction of U.S. law was automatically a U.S. citizen, excluding Indians) and equal protection of the law. "Z~(Y9I,$iA4rHR2y"xBCDx!uF$P=C|# white Democrats who used their political power to oppress the Black community, PREPOSITIONS AND CONJUNCTIONS (INFINITIVE VS., Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen. However, Congress refused to seat the newly elected senators and representatives from the South. Federal troops were removed from the Southern states and the Democratic majority was entrusted to protect and enforce the rights of African Americans. What did the Black Codes indicate to the North? Johnson's policies. Who did it benefit? To conclude, the Reconstruction was almost a complete failure. At the end of the day, what did it mean to be an American, and whose rights were deserving of the full protection of the U.S. government? hbbd``b` $ H0E$ b3!D( ( qX | Reconstruction was successful in helping to reunite a divided country. Question 3 How did the WadeDavis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? Compare Allende's description of the contrast between rich and poor in Latin America with Gordimer's depiction of the contrast between rich and poor in Latin America with Gordimer's depiction of the narrator and Petrus in "Six Feet of the Country". The Tenure of Office Act required the president to obtain approval from the Senate to remove any officeholder that the Senate had confirmed. Those who were not eligible for amnesty could appeal for a pardon.